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Exchangeability.DeFinetti.ViaKoopman.InfraGeneralized

Generalized Lag-Constancy and Two-Sided Infrastructure #

This file contains advanced infrastructure for the Koopman-based de Finetti proof:

All lemmas in this file are proved (no sorries).

Extracted from: Infrastructure.lean (Part 3/3) Status: Complete (no sorries in proofs)

The comap of shiftInvariantSigma along restrictNonneg is contained in shiftInvariantSigmaℤ.

This follows from the fact that preimages of shift-invariant sets are shiftℤ-invariant, using restrictNonneg_shiftℤ : restrictNonneg (shiftℤ ω) = shift (restrictNonneg ω).

theorem Exchangeability.DeFinetti.ViaKoopman.naturalExtension_pullback_ae {α : Type u_1} [MeasurableSpace α] {μ : MeasureTheory.Measure Ω[α]} [MeasureTheory.IsProbabilityMeasure μ] [StandardBorelSpace α] (ext : NaturalExtensionData μ) {F G : Ω[α]} (hF : AEMeasurable F μ) (hG : AEMeasurable G μ) (h : (fun (ωhat : Ωℤ[α]) => F (restrictNonneg ωhat)) =ᵐ[ext.μhat] fun (ωhat : Ωℤ[α]) => G (restrictNonneg ωhat)) :
F =ᵐ[μ] G

Pulling an almost-everywhere equality back along the natural extension.

Proof: Uses ae_map_iff from mathlib: since μ = map restrictNonneg ext.μhat, we have (∀ᵐ ω ∂μ, F ω = G ω) ↔ (∀ᵐ ωhat ∂ext.μhat, F (restrictNonneg ωhat) = G (restrictNonneg ωhat)). The hypothesis h gives the RHS, so we conclude the LHS.

Two-sided version of condexp_precomp_iterate_eq.

Proof strategy: For any k iterations of shiftℤ, the conditional expectation is unchanged because:

  1. shiftℤ^[k] is measure-preserving (composition of measure-preserving maps)
  2. shiftℤ^[k] leaves shiftInvariantSigmaℤ-measurable sets invariant
  3. Set-integrals over invariant sets are preserved by measure-preserving maps

Invariance of conditional expectation under the inverse shift.

Proof strategy: Similar to condexp_precomp_iterate_eq_twosided, but using that shiftℤInv also preserves the measure and leaves the invariant σ-algebra fixed.

theorem Exchangeability.DeFinetti.ViaKoopman.Integrable.of_abs_bounded {Ω : Type u_2} [MeasurableSpace Ω] {μ : MeasureTheory.Measure Ω} {f g : Ω} (hg : MeasureTheory.Integrable g μ) (C : ) (hC : 0 C) (h_bound : ∀ (ω : Ω), |f ω| C) (hfg_meas : MeasureTheory.AEStronglyMeasurable (fun (ω : Ω) => f ω * g ω) μ) :
MeasureTheory.Integrable (fun (ω : Ω) => f ω * g ω) μ

Integrability of f * g when g is integrable and |f| ≤ C.

This shows that multiplying an integrable function by a bounded function preserves integrability. The bound |f * g| ≤ C * |g| follows from |f| ≤ C.

theorem Exchangeability.DeFinetti.ViaKoopman.condexp_lag_constant_product {α : Type u_2} [MeasurableSpace α] [StandardBorelSpace α] {μ : MeasureTheory.Measure (α)} [MeasureTheory.IsProbabilityMeasure μ] (hExch : ∀ (π : Equiv.Perm ), MeasureTheory.Measure.map (reindex π) μ = μ) (n : ) (fs : Fin nα) (hfs_meas : ∀ (i : Fin n), Measurable (fs i)) (hfs_bd : ∀ (i : Fin n), ∃ (C : ), ∀ (x : α), |fs i x| C) (g : α) (hg_meas : Measurable g) (hg_bd : ∃ (Cg : ), ∀ (x : α), |g x| Cg) (k : ) (hk : n k) :
μ[fun (ω : α) => (∏ i : Fin n, fs i (ω i)) * g (ω (k + 1))|shiftInvariantSigma] =ᵐ[μ] μ[fun (ω : α) => (∏ i : Fin n, fs i (ω i)) * g (ω k)|shiftInvariantSigma]

Generalized lag-constancy for products (extends condexp_lag_constant_from_exchangeability).

For EXCHANGEABLE measures μ on path space, if P = ∏{i<n} f_i(ω_i) is a product of the first n coordinates and g : α → ℝ is bounded measurable, then for k ≥ n: CE[P · g(ω{k+1}) | mSI] = CE[P · g(ω_k) | mSI]

Proof: Uses transposition τ = swap(k, k+1). Since k ≥ n, τ fixes all indices < n. Therefore P is unchanged by reindex τ, while g(ω_{k+1}) becomes g(ω_k). Exchangeability then gives the result.

Key insight: This generalizes the pair case where P = f(ω_0) and n = 1.

theorem Exchangeability.DeFinetti.ViaKoopman.condexp_lag_constant_product_general {α : Type u_2} [MeasurableSpace α] [StandardBorelSpace α] {μ : MeasureTheory.Measure (α)} [MeasureTheory.IsProbabilityMeasure μ] (hExch : ∀ (π : Equiv.Perm ), MeasureTheory.Measure.map (reindex π) μ = μ) (n : ) (fs : Fin nα) (coords : Fin n) (hfs_meas : ∀ (i : Fin n), Measurable (fs i)) (hfs_bd : ∀ (i : Fin n), ∃ (C : ), ∀ (x : α), |fs i x| C) (g : α) (hg_meas : Measurable g) (hg_bd : ∃ (Cg : ), ∀ (x : α), |g x| Cg) (j : ) (hj : ∀ (i : Fin n), coords i < j) :
μ[fun (ω : α) => (∏ i : Fin n, fs i (ω (coords i))) * g (ω (j + 1))|shiftInvariantSigma] =ᵐ[μ] μ[fun (ω : α) => (∏ i : Fin n, fs i (ω (coords i))) * g (ω j)|shiftInvariantSigma]

Generalized lag constancy for products at arbitrary coordinates.

This extends condexp_lag_constant_product to products at general coordinates k_0, ..., k_{n-1}. For j, j+1 both larger than all k_i, the transposition τ = swap(j, j+1) fixes all coordinates in the product, so the conditional expectation is unchanged.

Key observation: If M = max(k_i) + 1, then for all j ≥ M:

  • τ = swap(j, j+1) fixes all indices 0, 1, ..., j-1
  • In particular, τ fixes all k_i (since k_i < M ≤ j)
  • Therefore P ∘ reindex τ = P
  • And the lag constancy argument applies

Conditional Expectation Helper Lemmas #

These lemmas support the L¹ Cesàro convergence framework.

If Z is a.e.-bounded and measurable and Y is integrable, then Z*Y is integrable (finite measure suffices).

Conditional expectation is L¹-Lipschitz: moving the integrand changes the CE by at most the L¹ distance. This is a standard property following from Jensen's inequality.

Pull-out property: if Z is measurable w.r.t. the conditioning σ-algebra and a.e.-bounded, then CE[Z·Y | mSI] = Z·CE[Y | mSI] a.e. This is the standard "taking out what is known".